SLU-PP-332
updated
What is SLU-PP-332?
SLU-PP-332 is an experimental small molecule that activates estrogen-related receptors, or ERRs. Researchers use it to study muscle energy metabolism and exercise-like responses.
SLU-PP-332 improved treadmill endurance and metabolic measures in mice. Researchers have also studied human muscle cells, but no trial has administered the compound to people.
Small-molecule ERR agonist
- Targets ERRα, ERRβ and ERRγ
- Animal and laboratory evidence
- Oral delivery is unresolved in people
What is SLU-PP-332?
SLU-PP-332 is an experimental small molecule that activates estrogen-related receptors, or ERRs. Researchers use it to study muscle energy metabolism and exercise-like responses.
It is not a peptide. ERRα, ERRβ and ERRγ are gene-regulating proteins. Despite the similar name, they are distinct from the classical estrogen receptors targeted by estrogen medicines.
2023 discovery · muscle and endurance
Cell and animal experiments
ACS chemical biology. PMID 36988910.
SLU-PP-332 activated ERR receptors, increased oxidative muscle features and improved exercise endurance in mice. Genetic experiments implicated ERRα in the endurance response.
This is exercise performance in mice, not a trial in athletes or people with fatigue.
Read the original source2023 chemistry · identifying SLU-PP-915
Medicinal chemistry and preclinical experiments
European journal of medicinal chemistry. PMID 37421886.
Researchers developed a chemically distinct series of ERR agonists. SLU-PP-915, compound 10s, contains a boronic-acid group and showed improved metabolic stability in microsomal assays, with ERR target-gene effects in cells and animals.
Stability in an enzyme preparation does not establish a human half-life.
Read the original sourceWhy is it called an exercise mimetic?
It activates some of the gene programs that muscles use during aerobic exercise, including pathways involved in mitochondrial function and fuel use.
In mice, the compound increased oxidative muscle features and treadmill endurance. This does not show that it reproduces all the effects of training, such as skill, tendon adaptation or the benefits of regular physical activity in people.
2023 discovery · muscle and endurance
Cell and animal experiments
ACS chemical biology. PMID 36988910.
SLU-PP-332 activated ERR receptors, increased oxidative muscle features and improved exercise endurance in mice. Genetic experiments implicated ERRα in the endurance response.
This is exercise performance in mice, not a trial in athletes or people with fatigue.
Read the original sourceWhat benefits have actually been measured?
The strongest direct findings are improved endurance and metabolic changes in mice. Human weight loss, athletic performance and fatigue relief remain unestablished.
| Question | What the study found | Who was tested |
|---|---|---|
| Endurance | Greater exercise capacity and an ERRα-dependent response. | Mice; supporting cell experiments. |
| Fat and glucose control | Greater energy expenditure and less fat accumulation, with improved insulin sensitivity. | Obese mouse models. |
| Age-related muscle decline | Changes in cultured muscle-cell markers and differentiation. | Cells collected from surgical patients, treated outside the body. |
2023 discovery · muscle and endurance
Cell and animal experiments
ACS chemical biology. PMID 36988910.
SLU-PP-332 activated ERR receptors, increased oxidative muscle features and improved exercise endurance in mice. Genetic experiments implicated ERRα in the endurance response.
This is exercise performance in mice, not a trial in athletes or people with fatigue.
Read the original source2024 metabolic study · obese mice
Animal experiments
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. PMID 37739806.
In diet-induced obese and genetically obese mice, SLU-PP-332 increased energy expenditure and fatty-acid oxidation, reduced fat accumulation and improved insulin sensitivity.
These results belong to SLU-PP-332. They are not clinical outcomes and cannot automatically be assigned to SLU-PP-915.
Read the original source2025 muscle study · human cells outside the body
Human tissue collection and cell experiment
Frontiers in physiology. PMID 40692696.
Twenty women undergoing hip replacement supplied biopsies. Ten were classified as active and ten as inactive. Myoblasts from inactive participants were treated with SLU-PP-332 in culture; the women were not given the compound.
- Participants / model
- Twenty women undergoing hip arthroplasty, classified by self-reported physical activity.
Cell responses cannot establish improved strength, mobility or safety after dosing people.
Read the original sourceWas the study involving 20 women a human trial?
It was a human tissue study, not a trial of people taking SLU-PP-332. Researchers treated cells grown from muscle biopsies.
The women were undergoing hip replacement. Their activity level and muscle characteristics were compared, then cells from inactive participants were exposed to the compound. No treatment-related improvement in their strength or daily function was measured.
2025 muscle study · human cells outside the body
Human tissue collection and cell experiment
Frontiers in physiology. PMID 40692696.
Twenty women undergoing hip replacement supplied biopsies. Ten were classified as active and ten as inactive. Myoblasts from inactive participants were treated with SLU-PP-332 in culture; the women were not given the compound.
- Participants / model
- Twenty women undergoing hip arthroplasty, classified by self-reported physical activity.
Cell responses cannot establish improved strength, mobility or safety after dosing people.
Read the original sourceClinicalTrials.gov · no human study listed
Trial registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov.
ClinicalTrials.gov lists no exact-name SLU-PP-332 study. The cited literature contains no human administration, pharmacokinetic, or outcome paper.
A registry result does not establish regulatory approval or prove that no unregistered use has occurred.
Read the original sourceDoes oral SLU-PP-332 have evidence behind it?
The 2026 successor study describes poor oral bioavailability as a limitation of SLU-PP-332. Its mouse findings cannot establish that current capsules work in people.
SLU-PP-915 is a chemically different candidate with oral activity in mice, so its absorption data do not apply to SLU-PP-332.
2026 oral study · exercise in mice
Animal experiments
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. PMID 41421047.
Oral SLU-PP-915 improved mouse treadmill distance and duration. Exercise-related gene responses were also measured, including with training. The paper identifies poor oral bioavailability as a limitation of SLU-PP-332.
- The publisher text reports oral mouse half-lives of 18–28 minutes.
- A repeated-dosing comparison sampled plasma one hour after the first and fourteenth doses; similar levels at that time do not exclude accumulation at every other time point.
Mouse oral activity is not evidence that a retail product is effective or safe in humans.
Read the original source2023 chemistry · identifying SLU-PP-915
Medicinal chemistry and preclinical experiments
European journal of medicinal chemistry. PMID 37421886.
Researchers developed a chemically distinct series of ERR agonists. SLU-PP-915, compound 10s, contains a boronic-acid group and showed improved metabolic stability in microsomal assays, with ERR target-gene effects in cells and animals.
Stability in an enzyme preparation does not establish a human half-life.
Read the original sourceWhat about claims for heart failure or kidney aging?
Mouse studies reported better ejection fraction, less fibrosis and improved survival in pressure-overload heart failure, plus changes in albuminuria, podocytes and mitochondrial function in aged kidneys. Both results remain preclinical.
The heart-failure study tested both 332 and 915 in mice. The aged-kidney intervention studied 332. Human tissue comparisons in the kidney research were not a trial of the drug.
2024 heart study · both compounds in mice
Animal and mechanistic experiments
Circulation. PMID 37961903.
SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915 improved several outcomes in mouse pressure-overload heart failure, including contractile function, fibrosis and survival. The study also investigated ERR-dependent metabolic mechanisms.
Neither compound has a demonstrated heart-failure treatment effect in patients from this study.
Read the original source2023 kidney study · SLU-PP-332
Animal experiments and human tissue analysis
The American journal of pathology. PMID 37717940.
SLU-PP-332 was studied in aged mice for kidney changes, with effects on albuminuria, podocytes and mitochondrial function. Human tissue expression comparisons were part of the broader investigation.
Human tissue analysis is not human treatment. These treatment findings concern 332, not 915.
Read the original sourceHow long does SLU-PP-332 last?
No human pharmacokinetic study was identified. Mouse dosing schedules and liver-enzyme experiments do not define a human half-life.
The 2026 metabolism study incubated the compound with human liver preparations. That helps identify breakdown products; it does not measure how quickly a person absorbs or eliminates a dose.
2026 metabolism study · liver preparations
In vitro metabolism study
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM. PMID 41588687.
Human liver S9 fractions and microsomes generated identifiable metabolites of both compounds. This was laboratory metabolism and analytical-method work.
No human participant received either drug. This does not establish clinical clearance, interactions or a detection window.
Read the original sourceClinicalTrials.gov · no human study listed
Trial registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov.
ClinicalTrials.gov lists no exact-name SLU-PP-332 study. The cited literature contains no human administration, pharmacokinetic, or outcome paper.
A registry result does not establish regulatory approval or prove that no unregistered use has occurred.
Read the original sourceWhat side effects and long-term risks are known?
Available studies provide no clinical adverse-event dataset that establishes common side effects, tolerated exposure or long-term safety in people.
ERRs regulate metabolism in several organs, so exposure is not limited to muscle. No study measured reproductive safety or cancer risk after chronic human exposure.
2023 discovery · muscle and endurance
Cell and animal experiments
ACS chemical biology. PMID 36988910.
SLU-PP-332 activated ERR receptors, increased oxidative muscle features and improved exercise endurance in mice. Genetic experiments implicated ERRα in the endurance response.
This is exercise performance in mice, not a trial in athletes or people with fatigue.
Read the original source2024 heart study · both compounds in mice
Animal and mechanistic experiments
Circulation. PMID 37961903.
SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915 improved several outcomes in mouse pressure-overload heart failure, including contractile function, fibrosis and survival. The study also investigated ERR-dependent metabolic mechanisms.
Neither compound has a demonstrated heart-failure treatment effect in patients from this study.
Read the original sourceClinicalTrials.gov · no human study listed
Trial registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov.
ClinicalTrials.gov lists no exact-name SLU-PP-332 study. The cited literature contains no human administration, pharmacokinetic, or outcome paper.
A registry result does not establish regulatory approval or prove that no unregistered use has occurred.
Read the original sourceCan it replace exercise or be stacked with fat-loss drugs?
Neither replacement of exercise nor combination treatment has been established in people.
No study tested SLU-PP-332 with stimulants, GLP-1 medicines, thyroid hormone, or other experimental metabolic compounds.
2023 discovery · muscle and endurance
Cell and animal experiments
ACS chemical biology. PMID 36988910.
SLU-PP-332 activated ERR receptors, increased oxidative muscle features and improved exercise endurance in mice. Genetic experiments implicated ERRα in the endurance response.
This is exercise performance in mice, not a trial in athletes or people with fatigue.
Read the original source2024 metabolic study · obese mice
Animal experiments
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. PMID 37739806.
In diet-induced obese and genetically obese mice, SLU-PP-332 increased energy expenditure and fatty-acid oxidation, reduced fat accumulation and improved insulin sensitivity.
These results belong to SLU-PP-332. They are not clinical outcomes and cannot automatically be assigned to SLU-PP-915.
Read the original sourceClinicalTrials.gov · no human study listed
Trial registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov.
ClinicalTrials.gov lists no exact-name SLU-PP-332 study. The cited literature contains no human administration, pharmacokinetic, or outcome paper.
A registry result does not establish regulatory approval or prove that no unregistered use has occurred.
Read the original sourceIs there a validated dose, cycle or stopping plan?
No human regimen was identified. Animal administration schedules do not establish a clinical dose, maintenance schedule or safe way to stop.
The studies cannot tell a user how much fat loss to expect, how to respond to symptoms, or whether any effect persists after treatment ends.
ClinicalTrials.gov · no human study listed
Trial registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov.
ClinicalTrials.gov lists no exact-name SLU-PP-332 study. The cited literature contains no human administration, pharmacokinetic, or outcome paper.
A registry result does not establish regulatory approval or prove that no unregistered use has occurred.
Read the original sourceStudies and sources
2023 discovery · muscle and endurance
Cell and animal experiments
ACS chemical biology. PMID 36988910.
SLU-PP-332 activated ERR receptors, increased oxidative muscle features and improved exercise endurance in mice. Genetic experiments implicated ERRα in the endurance response.
This is exercise performance in mice, not a trial in athletes or people with fatigue.
Read the original source2024 metabolic study · obese mice
Animal experiments
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. PMID 37739806.
In diet-induced obese and genetically obese mice, SLU-PP-332 increased energy expenditure and fatty-acid oxidation, reduced fat accumulation and improved insulin sensitivity.
These results belong to SLU-PP-332. They are not clinical outcomes and cannot automatically be assigned to SLU-PP-915.
Read the original source2023 chemistry · identifying SLU-PP-915
Medicinal chemistry and preclinical experiments
European journal of medicinal chemistry. PMID 37421886.
Researchers developed a chemically distinct series of ERR agonists. SLU-PP-915, compound 10s, contains a boronic-acid group and showed improved metabolic stability in microsomal assays, with ERR target-gene effects in cells and animals.
Stability in an enzyme preparation does not establish a human half-life.
Read the original source2026 oral study · exercise in mice
Animal experiments
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics. PMID 41421047.
Oral SLU-PP-915 improved mouse treadmill distance and duration. Exercise-related gene responses were also measured, including with training. The paper identifies poor oral bioavailability as a limitation of SLU-PP-332.
- The publisher text reports oral mouse half-lives of 18–28 minutes.
- A repeated-dosing comparison sampled plasma one hour after the first and fourteenth doses; similar levels at that time do not exclude accumulation at every other time point.
Mouse oral activity is not evidence that a retail product is effective or safe in humans.
Read the original source2024 heart study · both compounds in mice
Animal and mechanistic experiments
Circulation. PMID 37961903.
SLU-PP-332 and SLU-PP-915 improved several outcomes in mouse pressure-overload heart failure, including contractile function, fibrosis and survival. The study also investigated ERR-dependent metabolic mechanisms.
Neither compound has a demonstrated heart-failure treatment effect in patients from this study.
Read the original source2023 kidney study · SLU-PP-332
Animal experiments and human tissue analysis
The American journal of pathology. PMID 37717940.
SLU-PP-332 was studied in aged mice for kidney changes, with effects on albuminuria, podocytes and mitochondrial function. Human tissue expression comparisons were part of the broader investigation.
Human tissue analysis is not human treatment. These treatment findings concern 332, not 915.
Read the original source2025 muscle study · human cells outside the body
Human tissue collection and cell experiment
Frontiers in physiology. PMID 40692696.
Twenty women undergoing hip replacement supplied biopsies. Ten were classified as active and ten as inactive. Myoblasts from inactive participants were treated with SLU-PP-332 in culture; the women were not given the compound.
- Participants / model
- Twenty women undergoing hip arthroplasty, classified by self-reported physical activity.
Cell responses cannot establish improved strength, mobility or safety after dosing people.
Read the original source2026 metabolism study · liver preparations
In vitro metabolism study
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM. PMID 41588687.
Human liver S9 fractions and microsomes generated identifiable metabolites of both compounds. This was laboratory metabolism and analytical-method work.
No human participant received either drug. This does not establish clinical clearance, interactions or a detection window.
Read the original sourceClinicalTrials.gov · no human study listed
Trial registrations
ClinicalTrials.gov.
ClinicalTrials.gov lists no exact-name SLU-PP-332 study. The cited literature contains no human administration, pharmacokinetic, or outcome paper.
A registry result does not establish regulatory approval or prove that no unregistered use has occurred.
Read the original sourceWhy is SLU-PP-332 in C tier?
C reflects mouse endurance and metabolism findings plus laboratory studies of human muscle cells. No human administration study establishes fat loss, exercise performance, or a safe regimen.